HYPNOTIZE TEA

Find out more about amanita muscaria and its various historical and modern uses below. This list was compiled by the extremely knowledgeable and go-to source for all things amanita – AMANITA DREAMER! Follow link to find her site if you wish to delve into more amanita products and resources :

Historical Research

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ba-1966-0056.ch015

https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1970-01-01_4_page005.html

(This pulls historical research and breaks down the chemistry of each isolated therapeutic derivative)

https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8392/1/3/69

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Depression Treatment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0367326X23001958

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Boosting Dopamine

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7449921/

​Noradrenaline, Serotonin

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/bf00402378

​Epilepsy and Tremors

https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/abstract/2012/08000/174_convection_enhanced_delivery_of_muscimol_to.132.aspx

Alzheimers

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924977X23001347

​Brain and Body conversions post 2017

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319553138_Pharmacologically_and_Toxicologically_Relevant_Components_of_Amanita_muscaria

https://metacyc.org/gene?orgid=META&id=G-80777

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Vanadium and it’s concentrations including stipes

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/ja/d0ja00518e

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0010854513000647

Role in the body 

https://www.jandonline.org/article/0002-8223(94)92371-X/fulltext#:~:text=In%20human%20beings%2C%20pharmacologic%20amounts,glycogen%20synthesis%20in%20the%20liver.

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Pain

https://www.epain.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.3344/kjp.23161

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Inflammation

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35856422/

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Cognitive Issues

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29133125/

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The Liver/Neuronal Synapses

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/19/6824

Blood Brain Barrier

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23932733/#:~:text=Hypothesis%20have%20been%20made%20that,thus%20enhance%20their%20total%20activity.

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Muscimol in the body outside of GABA

Prolactin and Growth Hormone

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/162520/#:~:text=Since%20muscimol%20is%20thought%20to,and%20GH%20in%20human%20subjects.

Muscimol’s effects on GABA pathways and subpathways

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2823376/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10551397/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24473816/

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Multiple forms of ibotenic acid

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibotenic_acid

Biosynthesis of Ibo/Muscimol within the mushroom

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7383597/

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jchem/2020/8859998/

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Størmer, F.C.; Janak, K.; Koller, G.E.B. Ibotenic Acid in Amanita muscaria Spores and Caps. Mycologist 2004, 18, 114–117. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Forms

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm50001a022

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The heart and Muscarinic Receptors

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9874168/

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscarinic_acetylcholine_receptor_M2#:~:text=The%20M2%20muscarinic%20receptors,slowing%20the%20speed%20of%20depolarization.

https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006438#:~:text=The%20cardiac%20muscarinic%20receptor%20(M2R,turn%20activate%20KACh%20channels.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22222704/

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Storage and Actives

https://research.amanote.com/publication/pJzx3HMBKQvf0BhiP_up/change-in-ibotenic-acid-and-muscimol-contents-in-amanita-muscaria-during-drying-storing

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Converting ibo to muscimol by boiling, by bacteria- Trent Austin patent + any subsequent research on this post 2017 (none outside of one paper).

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140004084A1/en

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10967-018-6203-8

Concentrations of muscarine in amanita muscaria mushrooms

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/muscarine#:~:text=Many%20mushrooms%20contain%20insignificant%20amounts,(0.0003%25%20by%20weight).

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Positive uses of muscarine in our body

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347191609_Toxicological_and_pharmacological_profile_of_Amanita_muscaria_L_Lam_-_a_new_rising_opportunity_for_biomedicine

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ibotenic acid to muscazone conversion

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Chemical-changes-of-ibotenic-acid-to-muscazone-and-muscimol_fig3_347191609

Theoretical Description for Ibotenic Acid and Muscazone Determination … https://biointerfaceresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/BRIAC133.275.pdf

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Stipe Concentrations

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7308964_Analysis_of_hallucinogenic_constituents_in_Amanita_mushrooms_circulated_in_Japan

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Different stages of growth and concentrations

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jchem/2020/8859998/

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 Cholinergics

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https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1995-36006-001

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jnc.15683

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/6/917

https://www.google.com/search?q=ibotenic+acid+acetylcholine+receptors&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjZ7oz-8KWAAxUEBEQIHYKCDo4Q2-cCegQIABAD&oq=ibotenic+acid+acetylcholine+receptors&gs_lcp=ChJtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1pbWcQAzIFCAAQogQyBQgAEKIEOgQIIxAnOgUIABCABDoGCAAQBxAeOgcIABCKBRBDOggIABAIEAcQHlDyF1joPWDGRGgBcAB4AIAB2gGIAfckkgEGMC4xNi45mAEAoAEBwAEB&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-img&ei=S6q9ZJmdMYSIkPIPgoW68Ag&bih=702&biw=384&client=ms-android-verizon-us-rvc3&hl=en#imgrc=xqRQ1rjv9H3b4M

https://www.google.com/search?q=what+makes+something+cholinergic&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiA2LSN8KWAAxXsh-4BHQmWDxwQ2-cCegQIABAD&oq=what+makes+something+cholinergic&gs_lcp=ChJtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1pbWcQAzIFCAAQogQ6BAgjECc6BwgjEOoCECc6BAgAEAM6BwgAEIoFEEM6BQgAEIAEOggIABCABBCxAzoGCAAQCBAeOgcIABAYEIAEUKkEWNFvYLpyaAtwAHgCgAH3AYgByE-SAQcwLjQxLjE0mAEAoAEBsAEFwAEB&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-img&ei=X6m9ZMCsHeyPur8Piay-4AE&bih=702&biw=384&client=ms-android-verizon-us-rvc3&hl=en#imgrc=S62fjjKZqZhOIM

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=ibotenic+acid&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1690150709453&u=%23p%3Drqiy-kwMCuIJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&q=ibotenic+acid&oq=ibotenic#d=gs_qabs&t=1698783455005&u=%23p%3DI9WbTWZbzuMJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&q=ibotenic+acid&oq=ibotenic#d=gs_qabs&t=1690150549679&u=%23p%3DbPiPGiFezHcJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&q=ibotenic+acid&oq=ibotenic#d=gs_qabs&t=1698783482314&u=%23p%3DbPiPGiFezHcJ

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30844190/#:~:text=Examples%20of%20direct%2Dacting%20cholinergic,acetylcholine%20at%20the%20cholinergic%20receptors

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1611500/

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http://bayareamushrooms.org/education/further_reflections_amanita_muscaria.html?fbclid=IwAR0vRfSAq6LYi8BFwnkzb6kx6SdDzc8BDe_9rhc0zmEgTomDM-nfXwyGDds

https://www.poison.org/-/media/files/aapcc-annual-reports/npds2004.pdf (see pg 70)

https://namyco.org/docs/CountAchilles.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225651339_A_Study_of_Cultural_Bias_in_Field_Guide_Determinations_of_Mushroom_Edibility_Using_the_Iconic_Mushroom_Amanita_muscaria_as_an_Example

Long term ingestion:

A. muscaria was administered at a concentration of 16.5 mg/kg twice a week for 4 weeks.

This following study is from 2020 and is about Glutamate toxicity and in the pre-study discussion it gives details about the history of the use excitotoxins including ibotenic acid so you can see all of the different excitotoxins science has used, what they do and why ibotenic acid is being used, still injected into brains.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.00927/full

IBOTENIC ACID AS MEDICINE

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00028/full

Also, if they are causing lesions by injection through the cholinergic pathways, it is affecting the cholinergic pathways, as discussed here, with the opening statements:

The neurotoxic effects produced by ibotenic acid (IA) induced chemical lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) cholinergic system were examined on the opioid peptidergic system in adult rats. Forebrain cholinergic systems were bilaterally lesioned by the infusion of IA (1 or 5 micrograms/site) into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM). One week after the injections, the animals were sacrificed, and activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and concentrations of beta-endorphin (beta-End) and Met-enkephalin (Met-Enk) were measured in different brain regions.

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1995-36006-001

 The major effects that we know of from ibotenic acid are the spasms in both smooth and skeletal muscle in higher doses. Spasms are caused via the cholinergic pathways and diseases that cause spasms like parkinson’s and dystrophies etc are diseases of the cholinergic pathways. 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526134/

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11062-005-0034-2

Showing no brain lesions with muscular injection.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315690737_The_Toxicological_Pathologic_Study_of_Amanita_muscaria_in_Sprague-Dawley_Rat

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Injection Studies

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&q=amanita+muscaria&oq=amanita+#d=gs_qabs&t=1697649252098&u=%23p%3DOifIBxNfP2YJ

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00236800

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/ibotenic-acid

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&as_vis=1&q=ibotenic+acid&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743122104&u=%23p%3DpEL-9zuWDuUJ

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0165027089901490

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&as_vis=1&q=ibotenic+acid&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743366713&u=%23p%3DCE5nwPyMXyoJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&as_vis=1&q=ibotenic+acid&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743518927&u=%23p%3DkIy-6f028nwJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=ibotenic+acid&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3&as_vis=1#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743565079&u=%23p%3DgOhuLCB9VhIJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=ibotenic+acid&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3&as_vis=1#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743702517&u=%23p%3Dl-Nk2995QfcJ

Metabolism and Neurobiology

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=50&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697651580099&u=%23p%3DXFGtF12FpTMJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=30&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697651227625&u=%23p%3D0PB6bGSqu-oJ

https://libgen.is/scimag/10.1002%2Fbip.21416

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1102465/full

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&as_vis=1&q=ibotenic+acid&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743216921&u=%23p%3DNelmQ0RmcskJ

https://journals.lww.com/drug-monitoring/abstract/2013/08000/fungal_hallucinogens_psilocin,_ibotenic_acid,_and.2.aspx

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jm50001a022

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014299903028395

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=20&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697650734083&u=%23p%3DHhQlHcuw3vwJ

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691519304764

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.00927/full

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/muscimol

https://www.acnp.org/g4/GN401000008/Default.htm

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=ibotenic+acid&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3&as_vis=1#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743661184&u=%23p%3D9foDNbubXDYJ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=50&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697655427943&u=%23p%3DYjOc11zqowMJ

https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6031&context=etd&fbclid=IwAR2acThWc2tT3R0G2QvPvZy6bT_27GsJGZlfN4ahW50l1v_xm3RBk6l_OHQ

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C3&as_vis=1&q=ibotenic+acid&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1697743429888&u=%23p%3DpTVcYhlj3d0J

https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1970-01-01_4_page005.html

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/19/6824

Preparation

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02791072.2010.10400712

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10826079708010660

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/mycologist/article/abs/ibotenic-acid-in-amanita-muscaria-spores-and-caps/B3F9DEB703B26F51E63203A190C3C9D6

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1922/ct/ct9222101743/unauth

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=40&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697651502830&u=%23p%3DJ8u2kFw1sn8J

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140004084A1/en

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327856964_Ibotenic_acid_on_the_mechanism_of_its_conversion_to_3H_muscimol

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6133115/

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-021-14740-6

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Erl-Bailey/post/Is_there_a_study_of_a_long-term_usage_of_muscimol_and_its_impact_upon_human_physical_and_mental_health/attachment/613008ee647f3906fc95562b/AS%3A1063367456350209%401630537966384/download/%28translated%29+The+Toxicological+Pathologic+Study+of+Amanita+muscaria+in+Sprague-Dawley+Rat.pdf

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=10&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697650513867&u=%23p%3Dn1uVt5RjeDkJ

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0953756208611582?via%3Dihub

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Change-in-Ibotenic-Acid-and-Muscimol-Contents-in-or-Tsunoda-Inoue/a25eee121268b1c5c7cabf33601a37a72d63153b

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Simultaneous+Analysis+of+Ibotenic+Acid+and+Muscimol&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart

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Death and Adverse Events

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0041010105000188

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0041010114002967

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=20&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697650934245&u=%23p%3DnzlBDXtg0EgJ

http://ojs.ptbioch.edu.pl/index.php/abp/article/view/1694

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=60&q=amanita+muscaria&hl=en&as_sdt=0,3#d=gs_qabs&t=1697655762943&u=%23p%3DfpBuBekFvh8J

https://www.bayareamushrooms.org/education/further_reflections_amanita_muscaria.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7977045/#:~:text=are%20also%20possible.-,In%20severe%20poisoning%2C%20symptoms%20may%20manifest%20with%20coma%20and%20in,a%20large%20amount%20of%20mushrooms.

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6821a4.htm

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30073844/